The diplomatic relations between the countries date back to August 26, 1943. If fact, cooperation between Russia and Egypt kicked off in March 1948 when the first economic agreement for mutual supply of goods was signed. The crescendo came in the 1950s-60s when thousands of Soviet specialists were in Egypt helping build plants, as well as the renowned Aswan High Dam, Helwan Metallurgical Plant, power lines, and many other facilities. Several generations of Egypt's youth went to the Soviet Union to receive education and training.
May 1964 marked the first official visit to Egypt of Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers Nikita Khrushchev.

In 1968, President Abdel Nasser of Egypt set off to Moscow for a reciprocal visit. 

The year of 1971 witnessed Moscow and Cairo sign a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation. 

The two countries did have several years of decline in their relations that ended with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's visit to Russia in 1997. The negotiations resulted in a thick stack of documents being signed, among them were agreements on scientific and technical cooperation, crime control, as well as a Russian-Egyptian Political Declaration.

In April 2001, during another Hosni Mubarak's visit to Moscow these were augmented by a Long-term Program for Development of Trade, Economic, Industrial, and Scientific and Technical Cooperation for a period of 10 years, as well as Declaration on Principles of Friendly Relations and Cooperation. 

As for the military and technical domain, the two countries have been collaborating for ages. Egypt was the first Arab country to start purchasing Soviet weapons. Since 1955 when the first military agreement was signed and through 1973 Egypt remained the largest Mideastern customer for Soviet military equipment. 

Then cooperation almost entirely stagnated until the mid-1990s. Only in 1997, a contract was signed for supply of T-80 tanks and Mi helicopters to Egypt. In 1998-2000, Russia delivered to Egypt a batch of SAM systems and ammunition for them, as well as radars.

After that Rosoboronexport supplied the Arab Republic with SAM launchers, SP launchers, Mi-type helicopters, MiG-type fighters, as well as firing arms and ammunition.

On June 23, 2009, during President Medvedev’s visit to Cairo, a Strategic Partnership Treaty was signed between the two countries. Among other things this document stipulated development of military and technical cooperation.

Russia and Egypt run a Joint Russian-Egyptian Committee on Military and Technical Cooperation. Established in 2005, the Committee has been working ever since.

Egypt hosts a representative office of Rostec, Russia’s state corporation, that also projects Rosoboronexport’s interests in the country. Telephone number of the office: (+202) 2735-2277, fax: (+202) 2737-3561, e-mail: rep4315@ rostechn.ru